Перевод: со всех языков на русский

с русского на все языки

second element

Толкование Перевод

1 second element

ведомый (пары, звена) ; ведомая пара или звено

Englsh-Russian aviation and space dictionary > second element
2 element

пара или звено ( самолётов) ; участок ( траектории) ; выч. элемент; часть, деталь; звено; секция; параметр; подразделение

human element in the loop — человек как звено в контуре управления

metallic elements in fuel — ркт. металлические частицы в горючем

takeoff power element of the flight — участок полёта на взлетном режиме

— atomizing element

— attacking element

— blade element

— climb element

— computing element

— controlling element

— detecting element

— detector element

— direction-sensing element

— elements of trajectory

— evacuated aneroid element

— flight element

— flux-valve detector element

— inductive-sensing element

— injector element

— integral element

— key element

— lead element

— load-bearing element

— measuring element

— meteorological element

— navigational element

— orbital elements

— output element

— overheat sensing element

— photoelectric element

— photovoltaic element

— potentiometric sensing element

— pressure sensitive element

— pressure-ratio sensing element

— reentry element

— response element

— second element

— sensing element

— sensitive element

— sensory element

— servo element

— shear-resistant element

— six-plane element

— skin-temperature sensing element

— solid-fuel element

— stopping element

— strain-gauge sensing element

— structural element

— supporting element

— temperature-sensing element

— thermal-sensitive element

— thermocouple-sensing element

— three-ship element

— trailing element

— two-aircraft element

— wing element

Englsh-Russian aviation and space dictionary > element
3 second-crossover storage-element equilibrium voltage

Электроника: второй критический потенциал мишени

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > second-crossover storage-element equilibrium voltage
4 second-crossover storage-element equilibrium voltage

второй критический потенциал мишени

English-Russian dictionary of electronics > second-crossover storage-element equilibrium voltage
5 Similarly, we need to store a handle to the corresponding heap element in each application object

Общая лексика: В каждом объекте приложения точно так же необходимо хранить идентификатор соответствующего элемента пирамиды (см. Introduction to Algorithms (Second Edi)

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > Similarly, we need to store a handle to the corresponding heap element in each application object
6 lui-même

сущ.
общ. (он) сам, в свою очередь (La tige de support est liée avec un premier élément de guidage, lui-même coopérant avec un second élément de guidage.)

Французско-русский универсальный словарь > lui-même
7 que

%=1 pron. inter.
1. что (à tous les cas);
qu'est-ce? — что э́то?;
que faire? — что де́лать?; qu'est-il arrivé? — что случи́лось?; qu'attend-il? — чего́ он ждёт?; qu'admire-t-il? — чем он любу́ется?; que demande-t-il? — о чём он спра́шивает?

║ (comme attribut):

que suis-je? — что я собо́й представля́ю?;
que serais-je sans lui? ∑ — что со мной бу́дет без него́?; que deviendra-t-il? ∑ — что с ним бу́дет? ║ que diable peut-il bien faire? — чёрт его́ зна́ет, что он де́лает!

║ (renforcé):

qu'est-ce qui est arrivé? — что произошло́?;
qu'est-ce que vous dites? — что вы́говорите?; qu'est-ce que c'est que ça? — что э́то тако́е?; qu'est-ce que la vie? — что тако́е жизнь?; qu'est-ce que c'est que ce livre? — что из себя́ представля́ет э́та кни́га?, что э́то за кни́га?; qu'est-ce qui vous prend? — что с ва́ми?, что на вас нашло́?; qu'est-ce qui fait ce bruit? fam. — что э́то за шум?

2. (dans l'interrogation indirecte) что;

je ne sais que faire — я не зна́ю, что де́лать;
je ne savais plus que dire — я бо́льше не знал, что сказа́ть; je ne sais pas qu'est-ce qui se passe — я не зна́ю, что происхо́дит

3. (valeurs particulières) ско́лько? (combien); почему́?; отчего́? (pourquoi);

qu'est-ce que ça vaut? — ско́лько э́то сто́ит?;
que gagne-t-il? — ско́лько он зараба́тывает?; qu'avez-vous à rire? — почему́ <отчего́> вы смеётесь?; que ne m'avez-vous prévenu? — почему́ < что же> вы меня́ не предупреди́ли?; que ne le disiez-vous? ∑ — почему́ бы вам э́того бы́ло не сказа́ть?

QUE %=2 adv. exclam.
1. (combien) ско́лько;
que d'eau! — ско́лько воды́;
que de monde! — ско́лько наро́ду!; que de patience il faut! — ско́лько на́до терпе́ния!, како́е ну́жно терпе́ние!; que de fois je me suis trompé — ско́лько раз я ошиба́лся

2. (comme) как; како́й (avec un adj. de forme longue); до чего́;

que vous êtes bon! — как вы добры́!, како́й вы до́брый!;
[ce] que c'est mauvais! — как э́то пло́хо!; qu'elle chante bien! — как хоро́шо она́ поёт;

ce que как, како́й;

ce que j'ai faim! — как я хочу́ есть!, како́й я голо́дный!;
ce qu'il est petit! — како́й он ма́ленький!; ce que tu peux être méchante! — кака́я ты зла́я!; ce que tu nous embêtes! — как <до чего́> ты нам надое́л!; qu'est-ce qu'il fait froid ici! — ну и < как> хо́лодно же здесь!

3. (valeurs particulières):

vous ne l'aimez pas.— Oh, que si! — он вам не нра́вится.— Ну что вы!;
un fou?—Oh, que non! un malin! — сумасше́дший?— Как бы не так! Хитре́ц!; il fallait y penser, que diable! — на́до же бы́ло [об э́том] ду́мать, чёрт возьми́!

QUE %=3 pron. relat.
1. кото́рый (à tous les cas) ║ ( genre) како́й;
voici les tableaux que j'aime — вот карти́ны, каки́е <кото́рые> я люблю́

║ что (seult. au N et а l'А;
mais sans différence de genre et de nombre);
ce sont les livres que j'ai reçus hier — э́то кни́ги, что <кото́рые> я получи́л вчера́;
le livre que je lis — кни́га, кото́рую я чита́ю; l'événement que nous craignons — собы́тие, кото́рого мы бои́мся; l'élève qu'il aidait — учени́к, кото́рому он помога́л; la cathédrale que nous admirons — собо́р, кото́рым мы любу́емся; l'homme que je suivais — челове́к, за кото́рым я шёл; c'est la femme que j'ai rencontrée hier — э́то же́нщина, кото́рую я встре́тил вчера́

2. ce que [то,] что;
(à tous les cas);
fais ce que tu voudras — де́лай, что хо́чешь;
c'est tout ce que j'ai pu trouver — э́то всё, что я мог найти́; je ne sais pas ce que tu veux — я не зна́ю, что ты хо́чешь; ce que tu me dis m'étonne — меня́ удивля́ет то, что ты мне говори́шь; voici ce qu'il lui est arrivé — вот, что с ним приключи́лось ║ il sourit, ce qu'il ne fait presque jamais — он улыба́ется, чего́ он почти́ никогда́ не де́лает

║ (attribut) что за, како́й;

je sais ce qu'est ce produit — я зна́ю, что ∫ э́то за <како́й э́то> проду́кт;
je sais ce qu'il est devenu — я зна́ю, кем он стал;

quoi que, qui que, etc. v. quoi, v. qui, etc.
3. (dans les constructions de mise en valeur): c'est... que avec un nom ou pronom se traduit par l'ordre de mots, l'accent logique, à l'aide des particules и́менно, э́то, как раз;
c'est lui que tu vois — ты ви́дишь [и́менно] его́;
est-ce moi que tu attends? — ты меня́ ждёшь?; c'est à lui que je voulais parler — как раз с ним я [и] хоте́л поговори́ть; c'est ce que je voulais faire — э́то то, что я хоте́л сде́лать; c'est ce que je vois — да, я ви́жу

║ (attribut):

c'est un grand philosophe que Hegel — Ге́гель — вели́кий фило́соф;
c'est une belle fleur que la rosé — ро́за — [э́то] прекра́сный цвето́к ║ le Uvre que voici — вот э́та кни́га; le malin qu'il est ne s'est pas laissé prendre ∑ — тако́го хитреца́, как он, невозмо́жно бы́ло пойма́ть; fou que vous êtes! — с ума́ вы сошли́!

4. (incise;
ne se traduit pas):
vous ne me reconnaissez pas, qu'il lui demande.— Non, qu'elle dit pop. — он ей:— Вы меня́ не узнаёте? Она́ ему́:— Нет
║ ce sera bientôt fini.— Qué tu dis! fam. — э́то ско́ро ко́нчится.— Это ты так счита́ешь!

5. (temps) когда́;

du temps que j'étais jeune [— в то вре́мя,] когда́ я был мо́лод

QUE %=4 conj.;
1. (ordre ou souhait) пусть; ↑да (avec un verbe au présent ou au futur);
qu'il entre! — пусть он войдёт!;
que la lumière soit! — да бу́дет свет!; qu'il vienne, je le recevrai — пусть он придёт, я его́ приму́; que votre voeu soit exaucé! — да < пусть> испо́лнится ва́ше жела́ние!

2. (dans une subordonnée complétive) что;

je dis qu'il a raison — я говорю́, что он прав;
j'espère qu'il sera là [— я] наде́юсь, что он бу́дет там; il n'y a plus d'espoir qu'on le retrouve vivant — нет наде́жды, что его́ найду́т живы́м; il semble que ce soit vrai — ка́жется, что э́то пра́вда; il dit que oui — он говори́т, что да <что согла́сен>

║ ( volonté) что́бы (+ passé);

il faut que vous y alliez — на́до, что́бы вы туда́ пошли́;
je veux que vous le fassiez — я хочу́, что́бы вы э́то сде́лали

3. (but) что́бы ou ne se traduit pas:

restez un moment que nous parlions de cela — оста́ньтесь на мину́ту, что́бы мы могли́ поговори́ть об э́том

4. (temps) когда́; пока́; как;

attendez qu'il revienne — жди́те, пока́ он не вернётся;
il avait déjà fini que je ne faisais que commencer — он уже́ ко́нчил, а я ещё то́лько начина́л

║ как то́лько;

à peine il est arrivé que tout le monde venait le saluer — не успе́л он прие́хать, как все пришли́ здоро́ваться с ним;
voici trois mois que nous habitons ici — вот [уже́] три ме́сяца, как мы живём здесь; il — у a une semaine qu'il est arrivé — вот уже́ неде́ля, как он здесь; voici deux heures que je vous attends — я вас жду уже́ два часа́; il y a longtemps que... — давно́ уже́, как...

5. (manière) так<тако́й>.., что, что́бы;

il ne se passe pas une journée qu'il ne lui écrive — не прохо́дит и дня, что́бы он ему́ не писа́л;
elle dort que c'en est un plaisir — она́ так спит, что на неё прия́тно смотре́ть; il est si petit qu'on le voit à peine — он тако́й ма́ленький, что его́ едва́ ви́дно

6. (comparatif de supériorité) чем;

Paris est plus grand que Lyon — Пари́ж бо́льше f, чем Лио́н (Лио́на);
plus souvent qu'auparavant — ча́ще, чем ра́ньше

7. (comparatif d'égalité) тако́й же (avec un adj. de forme longue), так же как;

il est aussi grand que toi — он тако́й же большо́й, как ты;
il ne parle pas russe si bien que toi — он говори́т по-ру́сски не так хорошо́, как ты

8. (cause):

qu'est-ce que tu as que tu ne manges pas? — что с тобо́й, что ты да́же не ешь?

9. (supposition) е́сли..., будь...;
[ли]... и́ли;
que je sois malade, il n'y aura personne pour m'aider — е́сли я заболе́ю, никто́ мне не помо́жет;
qu'il vienne ou qu'il ne vienne pas le résultat sera le même — придёт он и́ли не придёт, ничего́ не изме́нится; dans chacune de ses œuvres, que ce soit une nouvelle, que ce soit un récit... — в ка́ждом его́ произведе́нии, будь то расска́з и́ли рома́н... ║ je te le dirais que tu ne me croirais pas — е́сли бы да́же я тебе́ сказа́л, ты бы мне не пове́рил;

c'est que... де́ло в том, что; ведь; зна́йте;

c'est qu'il n'a rien compris — де́ло в том, что он не́чего не по́нял; ведь он ничего́ не по́нял;
s'il se tait c'est qu'il est timide — он молчи́т, потому́ что он ро́бкий <бои́тся>; се n'est pas que je refuse, mais... — я не то, что́бы отка́зываюсь, но...; ce que c'est que de ne pas suivre mes conseils — вот что зна́чит не слу́шать мои́х сове́тов;

ne... que... то́лько;

il n'a que 20 ans ∑ — ему́ то́лько <всего́> два́дцать лет;
on n'entend que des cris — слышны́ то́лько кри́ки; il n'y a que 10 élèves — всего́ де́сять ученико́в; je n'ai fait que lui obéir — я то́лько слу́шался его́;

ne fût-ce que..., ne serait-ce que... хоть; хотя́ бы;

asseyez-vous ne fut-ce que deux minutes — прися́дьте хоть на две мину́ты;
c'est impossible ne serait-ce qu'à cause du temps — э́то невозмо́жно, хотя́ бы из-за пого́ды

║ (second élément de conjonctions et d'expressions complexes):
afin que, après que, avant que, plus... que, moins... que; aussi... que, quelque... que... etc. v. le premier élément ║ (pour remplacer une conjonction déjà exprimée) ne se traduit pas ou l'on répète la conjonction initiale;
si tu le rencontres et qu'il te demande de mes nouvelles — е́сли ты встре́тишься с ним и [е́сли] он спро́сит о́бо мне...

Dictionnaire français-russe de type actif > que
8 cage rotor
1. короткозамкнутый ротор
короткозамкнутый ротор
-

Короткозамкнутый ротор

Короткозамкнутый ротор с алюминиевой литой клеткой

Параллельные тексты EN-RU

The second element is the rotor, which is positioned inside the stator and constitutes the induced circuit of the motor. The rotor is constituted by a system of bars (in copper or aluminum), which are coaxial to the rotation axis and directly die-cast in the slots made along the external periphery of the ferromagnetic; they are closed in short-circuit by two rings located on the extremities and constituting also a mechanical fixing.
[ABB]

Второй частью электродвигателя является ротор. Он расположен внутри статора и представляет собой ту часть электродвигателя, в которой возникает индукционный ток. Ротор состоит из медных или алюминиевых стержней, отлитых под давлением в пазах внешней части ферромагнитного сердечника, расположенных параллельно оси вращения ротора. С торцов эти стержни замыкаются механически и электрически двумя торцевыми кольцами.
[Перевод Интент]

Тематики
- электродвигатель асинхронный
EN
Англо-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > cage rotor
9 short-circuited rotor
1. короткозамкнутый ротор
короткозамкнутый ротор
-

Короткозамкнутый ротор

Короткозамкнутый ротор с алюминиевой литой клеткой

Параллельные тексты EN-RU

The second element is the rotor, which is positioned inside the stator and constitutes the induced circuit of the motor. The rotor is constituted by a system of bars (in copper or aluminum), which are coaxial to the rotation axis and directly die-cast in the slots made along the external periphery of the ferromagnetic; they are closed in short-circuit by two rings located on the extremities and constituting also a mechanical fixing.
[ABB]

Второй частью электродвигателя является ротор. Он расположен внутри статора и представляет собой ту часть электродвигателя, в которой возникает индукционный ток. Ротор состоит из медных или алюминиевых стержней, отлитых под давлением в пазах внешней части ферромагнитного сердечника, расположенных параллельно оси вращения ротора. С торцов эти стержни замыкаются механически и электрически двумя торцевыми кольцами.
[Перевод Интент]

Тематики
- электродвигатель асинхронный
EN
Англо-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > short-circuited rotor
10 squirrel-cage rotor
1. ротор с беличьей клеткой
2. короткозамкнутый ротор
короткозамкнутый ротор
-

Короткозамкнутый ротор

Короткозамкнутый ротор с алюминиевой литой клеткой

Параллельные тексты EN-RU

The second element is the rotor, which is positioned inside the stator and constitutes the induced circuit of the motor. The rotor is constituted by a system of bars (in copper or aluminum), which are coaxial to the rotation axis and directly die-cast in the slots made along the external periphery of the ferromagnetic; they are closed in short-circuit by two rings located on the extremities and constituting also a mechanical fixing.
[ABB]

Второй частью электродвигателя является ротор. Он расположен внутри статора и представляет собой ту часть электродвигателя, в которой возникает индукционный ток. Ротор состоит из медных или алюминиевых стержней, отлитых под давлением в пазах внешней части ферромагнитного сердечника, расположенных параллельно оси вращения ротора. С торцов эти стержни замыкаются механически и электрически двумя торцевыми кольцами.
[Перевод Интент]

Тематики
- электродвигатель асинхронный
EN
ротор с беличьей клеткой
—
[Я.Н.Лугинский, М.С.Фези-Жилинская, Ю.С.Кабиров. Англо-русский словарь по электротехнике и электроэнергетике, Москва, 1999 г.]

Тематики
- электротехника, основные понятия
EN
- squirrel-cage rotor
- SCR
Англо-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > squirrel-cage rotor
11 method

метод; способ

см. тж. method,

method for prediction

method of acceleration with conjugate gradients

method of assumed modes

method of characteristics

method of dynamic caustics

method of feasible directions

method of generalized coordinates

method of images

method of lines

method of moments

method of separation of variables

method of splitting

method of weighted residuals

accelerometer method

acoustic method

Adams-Bashforth method

adjoint variable method

aerodynamic method

air bubbles method

ALM method

anthropometric scaling method

anti-g method

anti-g protective method

assumed stress method

augmented Lagrange multiplier method

back of the envelope method

Bayesian estimation method

birefringent coating method

Birnbaum's method

block-bidiagonal method

Bode method

boundary collocation method

boundary element method

boundary force method

boundary integral method

boundary integral equation method

boundary point method

boundary layer method

Broydon-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno method

china-clay method

Clmax prediction method

Cohen and Reshotko method

collocation method

complex variable boundary element method

complex-variable method

compliance method

configurational method

conjugate directions method

constant pressure panel method

continuation method

correction storage method

correlation method

cycle counting method

cyclic reduction method

Davidon-Fletcher-Powell method

deferred correction method

describing function method

design method for reliability

design to constraints method

detection method

difference method

differencing method

discrete vortex method

displacement method

Dorodnitsyn finite element method

doublet lattice method

dynamic condensation method

eigenfunction expansion method

eigenvalue method

electrical discharge method

energy method

energy management method

equivalent control method

equivalent linearization method

Euler method

evaluation method

explicit-implicit method

extrapolation method

FAS method

feedback method

finite difference method

finite element method

finite element method with splitting

finite element displacement method

finite strip method

finite volume method

Fletcher-Reeves method

flexibility method

flutter experimental method

flux-difference/splitting method

force method

Fourier transform method

fractional steps method

fractographic method

frequency method

frequency-domain method

full-approximation storage method

full-potential method

Galerkin method

Gauss elimination method

Gauss-Seidel method

generalized method

Godunov method

grid method

harmonic balance method

helium-bubble method

higher order method

Horner's method

hose-drogue method

hybrid vortex method

hydrogen bubbles method

infra-imaging method

integral method

integral equation method

interferometric method

inverse method

J-integral method

kernel-function method

Khachian's method

Lagrange multiplier method

Lagrangian method

Lanczos method

laser induced fluorescence method

laser light sheet method

least-cost method

least-square method

least-squares method

least-squares estimation method

Lyapunov's second method

lift-analysis method

linear quadratic method

linear quadratic Gaussian method

linear regulator method

linear quadratic regulator method

LQ method

LQG method

lumped-parameter method

MacCormack's method

Mach box method

maintenance method

marching method

matrix method

maximum likelihood method

mechanized method

ML method

model-following method

moment method

moving finite element method

multisurface method

multigrid method

multiple grid method

Myklestad method

Navier-Stokes method

Neal-Smith analysis method

Newton's method

Newton-Raphson method

nonconservative method

numerical method

Nyquist method

oil-flow method

operational method

Pade approximant method

panel method

paneling method

parameter method

perturbation method

photoelastic method

power method

Prandtl-Munk method

prediction method

pressure-splitting method

probabilistic method

pseudo-spectral method

pseudospectral method

pseudotransient method

quasi-Newton method

R-curve method

rainflow method

random decrement method

randomdec method

Rayleigh method

Rayleigh-Ritz method

recovery method

reduction method

reliability method

rigid-plastic finite-element method

robustness enhancing method

root-locus method

Runge-Kutta method

sawtooth method

Schlieren method

secant method

semianalytic method

shadowgraph method

shock-capturing method

shock-expansion method

shock-fitting method

shooting method

simplex method

singular perturbation method

singular value method

sizing method

smoke-wire method

Southwell method

space-marching method

split-coefficient method

split-coefficient matrix method

splitting method

square root method

state space method

steepest-ascent method

steepest-descent method

stiffness method

stress relaxation method

sublimation method

subspace iteration method

substitutional method

substructure synthesis method

substructuring method

super-characteristics method

superelement method

superposition method

surface tracer method

synthesis method

Theodorsen method

thrust method

thrust efficient method

time-domain method

transfer matrix method

transfer-function method

Trefftz`s method

tuft method

unit load method

upwind method

upwind differencing method

V-g method

vapor-screen method

variational method

vector method

velocity-split method

viscous/inviscid interacting method

von Schlippe method

vortex method

vortex panel method

vortex-lattice method

Walsh-function method

weight fraction method

X-ray diffraction method

z-transform method

zonal method

Авиасловарь > method
12 voltage

1) напряжение, разность потенциалов

2) потенциал

•

voltage across — напряжение на (напр. зажимах)

voltage to ground — напряжение относительно земли

- ac voltage
- accelerating voltage
- acceleration voltage
- active voltage
- actuating voltage
- allowable voltage
- alternating voltage
- anode voltage
- anode breakdown voltage
- anode-cathode voltage
- anode-to-cathode voltage
- applied voltage
- arc voltage
- arc-drop voltage
- asymptotic breakdown voltage
- avalanche voltage
- avalanche breakdown voltage
- average voltage
- back voltage
- balanced voltages
- barrier voltage
- base voltage
- baseband voltage
- base-to-emitter voltage
- bath voltage
- bias voltage
- birefringence threshold voltage
- black-out voltage
- blanking voltage
- blocking voltage
- blue video voltage
- booster voltage
- branch voltage
- breakdown voltage
- breakover voltage
- bridge supply voltage
- bucking voltage
- built-in voltage
- bus voltage
- calibration voltage
- capacitor voltage
- catcher voltage
- cathode voltage
- cathode sheath voltage
- cathode storage-element equilibrium voltage
- cell voltage
- charge voltage
- circuit voltage
- clamp voltage
- clock voltage
- closed-circuit voltage
- coercive voltage
- collector voltage
- collector breakdown voltage
- collector storage-element equilibrium voltage
- collector-to-base voltage
- collector-to-emitter voltage
- color voltage
- commercial-frequency voltage
- common-mode voltage
- commutating voltage
- compensating voltage
- complex voltage
- compliance voltage
- composite controlling voltage
- computer voltage
- constant voltage
- contact voltage
- control voltage
- control-circuit voltage
- convergence voltage
- corona start voltage
- counter voltage
- crest voltage
- critical voltage
- critical anode voltage
- critical grid voltage
- crossover voltage
- current-resistance voltage
- cutoff voltage
- dc voltage
- decelerating voltage
- decomposition voltage
- deflecting voltage
- derivative voltage
- dielectric breakdown voltage
- differential-mode voltage
- dipole voltage
- dipole barrier voltage
- direct voltage
- discharge voltage
- disruptive discharge voltage
- domain voltage
- drain voltage
- driving voltage
- drop-away voltage
- drop-out voltage
- effective voltage
- electric voltage
- electrode voltage
- emitter voltage
- equilibrium voltage
- error voltage
- excess voltage
- excess domain voltage
- excitation voltage
- extinction voltage
- extinguishing voltage
- extra-high voltage
- Faraday voltage
- field voltage
- filament voltage
- final voltage
- firing voltage
- first breakdown voltage
- first crossover voltage
- flashback voltage
- flashover voltage
- flat-band voltage
- floating voltage
- fluctuation voltage
- flyback voltage
- focusing voltage
- formation voltage
- forming voltage
- forward voltage
- forward breakover voltage
- forward gate voltage
- fuel-cell voltage
- gate voltage
- gate nontrigger voltage
- gate trigger voltage
- gate turn-off voltage
- generated voltage
- gradient-established storage-element equilibrium voltage
- green-video voltage
- grid voltage
- half-wave voltage
- Hall voltage
- heater voltage
- high voltage
- high-level voltage
- holding voltage
- ignition voltage
- impressed voltage
- induced voltage
- inflection-point voltage
- initial voltage
- initial inverse voltage
- injected voltage
- in-phase voltage
- input voltage
- input error voltage
- interference voltage
- internal correction voltage
- inverse voltage
- ionization voltage
- junction voltage
- keep-alive voltage
- kickback voltage
- line voltage
- link voltage
- load voltage
- logical-threshold voltage
- low-level voltage
- magnetron critical voltage
- mains voltage
- maintaining voltage
- mask voltage
- minimum off-state voltage
- neutralizing voltage
- node voltage
- node-to-datum voltage
- noise voltage
- no-load voltage
- nominal voltage
- offset voltage
- off-load voltage
- off-state voltage
- on-load voltage
- on-state voltage
- open-circuit voltage
- operating voltage
- oscillating voltage
- out-of-balance voltages
- out-of-phase voltage
- output voltage
- output offset voltage
- pace voltage
- peak voltage
- peak inverse voltage
- peak-point voltage
- peak reverse voltage
- peak-to-peak voltage
- periodic voltage
- permissible voltage
- phase voltage
- photoelectric voltage
- pickup voltage
- pinch-off voltage
- plate voltage
- polarizing voltage
- poling voltage
- primary voltage
- principal voltage
- projected peak-point voltage
- psophometric voltage
- pull-in voltage
- pulsating voltage
- pump voltage
- punch-through voltage
- puncture voltage
- push-pull voltages
- push-push -voltages
- rail voltage
- rated voltage
- rated impulse withstand voltage
- reactive voltage
- rectified voltage
- rectifier-load voltage
- red video voltage
- reference voltage
- reflector voltage
- reignition voltage
- residual voltage
- resistance voltage
- resonance voltage
- reverse voltage
- reverse-bias voltage
- reverse-bias breakdown voltage
- ripple voltage
- root-mean-square voltage
- saturation voltage
- sawtooth voltage
- scanning voltage
- screen-grid voltage
- secondary voltage
- secondary-emission crossover voltage
- second-crossover voltage
- self-breakdown voltage
- self-firing voltage
- self-induction voltage
- shot-noise voltage
- signal voltage
- single-ended input voltage
- single-ended output voltage
- sinusoidal voltage
- source voltage
- square-wave voltage
- stabilized voltage
- staircase voltage
- starter breakdown voltage
- starting voltage
- step voltage
- storage-element equilibrium voltage
- supply voltage
- surge voltage
- sweep voltage
- swing voltage
- switching voltage
- synchronousvoltage
- tank voltage
- target voltage
- temperature voltage
- thermocouple voltage
- thermoelectric voltage
- threshold voltage
- time-base voltage
- touch voltage
- tree-branch voltage
- tunnel breakdown voltage
- ultrahigh voltage
- unit step voltage
- valley voltage
- variable voltage
- working voltage
- Zener voltage

English-Russian electronics dictionary > voltage
13 SE

1) Общая лексика: Европейское акционерное общество (Societas Europaea - лат. Форма собственности юридического лица, действующего в соответствии с европейским правом. Например, с июля 2008 года немецкий концерн WILO AG преобразован в WILO SE.)

2) Компьютерная техника: Simplified Edition, Starter Edition, System Error, System Expansion

3) Медицина: side effects (побочные эффекты)

4) Американизм: Systematic Error

5) Спорт: Spirit Energy, Split End, Sports Edition, Sports Entertainment, Start End

6) Военный термин: Scouting Experimental, Self Erecting, Sniper Edition, Southeastern, Synthetic Environment, System Engineer, safety, safety evaluation, service echelon, special equipment, spherical eyeball, staff engineer, standardization and evaluation, support equipment, system effectiveness, system element

7) Техника: set, shift engineer, ship eliminator, significant event, sound effect, space electronics, spurious emission, subcritical experiment

8) Сельское хозяйство: starch equivalent

9) Шутливое выражение: Sheep Everywhere, Shotty Equipment, Slow Edition, Soldered Edition, Splinter Edition, Substandard Edition, Sucky Edition

10) Химия: Self Emulsifying

11) Математика: Scalar Enhanced, Sides And Ends, Simplicial Exact, Single Ended, Structured Expression, Symmetry Equivalent, The Successor Of E, система уравнений (simultaneous equations)

12) Религия: Second Epoch, Soul Emergence, Spiritual Expressions

13) Железнодорожный термин: Semo Port Railroad Incorporated

14) Юридический термин: Self Enforced, Somewhat Erratic, Stalking Evil, Surveillance Enhanced, МП (малое предприятие - small enterprise), Societas Europaea (лат.) - европейская публичная компания

15) Статистика: среднеквадратическая ошибка (standard error), стандартная погрешность (standard error)

16) Астрономия: Solar Empire

17) Грубое выражение: Sexual Exploration, Shitty Edition, Shity Edition, Spandex Erection, Sucker Edition

18) Металлургия: Slip End, Small End

19) Политика: Seychelles

20) Телекоммуникации: Status Enquiry (FR)

21) Сокращение: Civil aircraft marking (Sweden), Sanitary Evacuation, Service Engineer, Signal Excess, Standard English, Sweden, single-end, south-east, south-eastern, space efforts, space exploration, Special Edition

22) Университет: Scientific And Engineering, Student Edition, Student Exercises

23) Физика: Stimulated Emission, spectroscopic ellipsometry

24) Физиология: Safe And Effective

25) Электроника: Simple Electronics, Simplified Electronics, Speech Enhancement

26) Вычислительная техника: Service / Systems Engineer, Switching Element, System Extension, system efficiency, системотехника, Standard / Special Edition (IBM, OS/2), Service Engineer (see also,) \<\< CE\>\>, системное проектирование, эффективность системы

27) Нефть: NF screw end American National fine thread, Sakhalin Energy SEIC, safety earth, seals effective, secondary emulsifier, specific energy, successful efforts, оборудование для технического обслуживания (service equipment)

28) Банковское дело: акционерный капитал (shareholders' equity), собственный капитал (shareholders' equity), фондовая биржа (stock exchange)

29) Транспорт: Standard Engine

30) Пищевая промышленность: Sugar Enhanced

31) Фирменный знак: Stark Enterprises

32) Энергетика: Sustainable Energy

33) СМИ: Second Edition, Select Edition, Silent Edition, Simple Edition, Sled Edition, Sound Effects, Special Effects, Sport Edition, Sports Extra, Standard Elite

34) Деловая лексика: Simultaneous Engineering, Slightly Enhanced, Spend Extra, Sweat Equity

35) Бурение: вторичный эмульгатор (secondary emulsifier), юго-восток (south-east)

36) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: Sakhalin Energy Investment Company, site evaluation study, Sakhalin Energy (Sakhalin Energy Investment Company), (IC) Sakhalin Energy (Investment Co.)

37) Образование: Sex Education, Special Education

38) Инвестиции: shareholders' equity, stock exchange

39) Сетевые технологии: Server Environment, service equipment, software engineering, standard edition, system engineering, сервисная аппаратура, сервисное оборудование

40) Полимеры: secondary esterification, self-extinguishing

41) Программирование: Shift Enhancing, Substantially Equal, поисковая машина-Search(ing) Engine (см. Results engine)

42) Полупроводники: selective epitaxy

43) Сахалин Р: Sakhalin Energy

44) Океанография: Surface Effect

45) Химическое оружие: systems engineering

46) Макаров: slurry explosive, вторичные электроны

47) Безопасность: Security Enhanced

48) Нефть и газ: state enterprise

49) Электротехника: secondary electrons

50) Имена и фамилии: Shane Endicott

51) Должность: Sales Engineer, Sales Expert, Self Employment, Sports Entertainer, Supervisory Edition

52) Чат: Simple And Easy, Sorry Excuse, Super Expensive

53) NYSE. Sterling Communications, Inc.

54) Программное обеспечение: Slower Edition, Stat Editor, Studio Edition

55) СМС: Something Else

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > SE
14 Se

1) Общая лексика: Европейское акционерное общество (Societas Europaea - лат. Форма собственности юридического лица, действующего в соответствии с европейским правом. Например, с июля 2008 года немецкий концерн WILO AG преобразован в WILO SE.)

2) Компьютерная техника: Simplified Edition, Starter Edition, System Error, System Expansion

3) Медицина: side effects (побочные эффекты)

4) Американизм: Systematic Error

5) Спорт: Spirit Energy, Split End, Sports Edition, Sports Entertainment, Start End

6) Военный термин: Scouting Experimental, Self Erecting, Sniper Edition, Southeastern, Synthetic Environment, System Engineer, safety, safety evaluation, service echelon, special equipment, spherical eyeball, staff engineer, standardization and evaluation, support equipment, system effectiveness, system element

7) Техника: set, shift engineer, ship eliminator, significant event, sound effect, space electronics, spurious emission, subcritical experiment

8) Сельское хозяйство: starch equivalent

9) Шутливое выражение: Sheep Everywhere, Shotty Equipment, Slow Edition, Soldered Edition, Splinter Edition, Substandard Edition, Sucky Edition

10) Химия: Self Emulsifying

11) Математика: Scalar Enhanced, Sides And Ends, Simplicial Exact, Single Ended, Structured Expression, Symmetry Equivalent, The Successor Of E, система уравнений (simultaneous equations)

12) Религия: Second Epoch, Soul Emergence, Spiritual Expressions

13) Железнодорожный термин: Semo Port Railroad Incorporated

14) Юридический термин: Self Enforced, Somewhat Erratic, Stalking Evil, Surveillance Enhanced, МП (малое предприятие - small enterprise), Societas Europaea (лат.) - европейская публичная компания

15) Статистика: среднеквадратическая ошибка (standard error), стандартная погрешность (standard error)

16) Астрономия: Solar Empire

17) Грубое выражение: Sexual Exploration, Shitty Edition, Shity Edition, Spandex Erection, Sucker Edition

18) Металлургия: Slip End, Small End

19) Политика: Seychelles

20) Телекоммуникации: Status Enquiry (FR)

21) Сокращение: Civil aircraft marking (Sweden), Sanitary Evacuation, Service Engineer, Signal Excess, Standard English, Sweden, single-end, south-east, south-eastern, space efforts, space exploration, Special Edition

22) Университет: Scientific And Engineering, Student Edition, Student Exercises

23) Физика: Stimulated Emission, spectroscopic ellipsometry

24) Физиология: Safe And Effective

25) Электроника: Simple Electronics, Simplified Electronics, Speech Enhancement

26) Вычислительная техника: Service / Systems Engineer, Switching Element, System Extension, system efficiency, системотехника, Standard / Special Edition (IBM, OS/2), Service Engineer (see also,) \<\< CE\>\>, системное проектирование, эффективность системы

27) Нефть: NF screw end American National fine thread, Sakhalin Energy SEIC, safety earth, seals effective, secondary emulsifier, specific energy, successful efforts, оборудование для технического обслуживания (service equipment)

28) Банковское дело: акционерный капитал (shareholders' equity), собственный капитал (shareholders' equity), фондовая биржа (stock exchange)

29) Транспорт: Standard Engine

30) Пищевая промышленность: Sugar Enhanced

31) Фирменный знак: Stark Enterprises

32) Энергетика: Sustainable Energy

33) СМИ: Second Edition, Select Edition, Silent Edition, Simple Edition, Sled Edition, Sound Effects, Special Effects, Sport Edition, Sports Extra, Standard Elite

34) Деловая лексика: Simultaneous Engineering, Slightly Enhanced, Spend Extra, Sweat Equity

35) Бурение: вторичный эмульгатор (secondary emulsifier), юго-восток (south-east)

36) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: Sakhalin Energy Investment Company, site evaluation study, Sakhalin Energy (Sakhalin Energy Investment Company), (IC) Sakhalin Energy (Investment Co.)

37) Образование: Sex Education, Special Education

38) Инвестиции: shareholders' equity, stock exchange

39) Сетевые технологии: Server Environment, service equipment, software engineering, standard edition, system engineering, сервисная аппаратура, сервисное оборудование

40) Полимеры: secondary esterification, self-extinguishing

41) Программирование: Shift Enhancing, Substantially Equal, поисковая машина-Search(ing) Engine (см. Results engine)

42) Полупроводники: selective epitaxy

43) Сахалин Р: Sakhalin Energy

44) Океанография: Surface Effect

45) Химическое оружие: systems engineering

46) Макаров: slurry explosive, вторичные электроны

47) Безопасность: Security Enhanced

48) Нефть и газ: state enterprise

49) Электротехника: secondary electrons

50) Имена и фамилии: Shane Endicott

51) Должность: Sales Engineer, Sales Expert, Self Employment, Sports Entertainer, Supervisory Edition

52) Чат: Simple And Easy, Sorry Excuse, Super Expensive

53) NYSE. Sterling Communications, Inc.

54) Программное обеспечение: Slower Edition, Stat Editor, Studio Edition

55) СМС: Something Else

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > Se
15 se

1) Общая лексика: Европейское акционерное общество (Societas Europaea - лат. Форма собственности юридического лица, действующего в соответствии с европейским правом. Например, с июля 2008 года немецкий концерн WILO AG преобразован в WILO SE.)

2) Компьютерная техника: Simplified Edition, Starter Edition, System Error, System Expansion

3) Медицина: side effects (побочные эффекты)

4) Американизм: Systematic Error

5) Спорт: Spirit Energy, Split End, Sports Edition, Sports Entertainment, Start End

6) Военный термин: Scouting Experimental, Self Erecting, Sniper Edition, Southeastern, Synthetic Environment, System Engineer, safety, safety evaluation, service echelon, special equipment, spherical eyeball, staff engineer, standardization and evaluation, support equipment, system effectiveness, system element

7) Техника: set, shift engineer, ship eliminator, significant event, sound effect, space electronics, spurious emission, subcritical experiment

8) Сельское хозяйство: starch equivalent

9) Шутливое выражение: Sheep Everywhere, Shotty Equipment, Slow Edition, Soldered Edition, Splinter Edition, Substandard Edition, Sucky Edition

10) Химия: Self Emulsifying

11) Математика: Scalar Enhanced, Sides And Ends, Simplicial Exact, Single Ended, Structured Expression, Symmetry Equivalent, The Successor Of E, система уравнений (simultaneous equations)

12) Религия: Second Epoch, Soul Emergence, Spiritual Expressions

13) Железнодорожный термин: Semo Port Railroad Incorporated

14) Юридический термин: Self Enforced, Somewhat Erratic, Stalking Evil, Surveillance Enhanced, МП (малое предприятие - small enterprise), Societas Europaea (лат.) - европейская публичная компания

15) Статистика: среднеквадратическая ошибка (standard error), стандартная погрешность (standard error)

16) Астрономия: Solar Empire

17) Грубое выражение: Sexual Exploration, Shitty Edition, Shity Edition, Spandex Erection, Sucker Edition

18) Металлургия: Slip End, Small End

19) Политика: Seychelles

20) Телекоммуникации: Status Enquiry (FR)

21) Сокращение: Civil aircraft marking (Sweden), Sanitary Evacuation, Service Engineer, Signal Excess, Standard English, Sweden, single-end, south-east, south-eastern, space efforts, space exploration, Special Edition

22) Университет: Scientific And Engineering, Student Edition, Student Exercises

23) Физика: Stimulated Emission, spectroscopic ellipsometry

24) Физиология: Safe And Effective

25) Электроника: Simple Electronics, Simplified Electronics, Speech Enhancement

26) Вычислительная техника: Service / Systems Engineer, Switching Element, System Extension, system efficiency, системотехника, Standard / Special Edition (IBM, OS/2), Service Engineer (see also,) \<\< CE\>\>, системное проектирование, эффективность системы

27) Нефть: NF screw end American National fine thread, Sakhalin Energy SEIC, safety earth, seals effective, secondary emulsifier, specific energy, successful efforts, оборудование для технического обслуживания (service equipment)

28) Банковское дело: акционерный капитал (shareholders' equity), собственный капитал (shareholders' equity), фондовая биржа (stock exchange)

29) Транспорт: Standard Engine

30) Пищевая промышленность: Sugar Enhanced

31) Фирменный знак: Stark Enterprises

32) Энергетика: Sustainable Energy

33) СМИ: Second Edition, Select Edition, Silent Edition, Simple Edition, Sled Edition, Sound Effects, Special Effects, Sport Edition, Sports Extra, Standard Elite

34) Деловая лексика: Simultaneous Engineering, Slightly Enhanced, Spend Extra, Sweat Equity

35) Бурение: вторичный эмульгатор (secondary emulsifier), юго-восток (south-east)

36) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: Sakhalin Energy Investment Company, site evaluation study, Sakhalin Energy (Sakhalin Energy Investment Company), (IC) Sakhalin Energy (Investment Co.)

37) Образование: Sex Education, Special Education

38) Инвестиции: shareholders' equity, stock exchange

39) Сетевые технологии: Server Environment, service equipment, software engineering, standard edition, system engineering, сервисная аппаратура, сервисное оборудование

40) Полимеры: secondary esterification, self-extinguishing

41) Программирование: Shift Enhancing, Substantially Equal, поисковая машина-Search(ing) Engine (см. Results engine)

42) Полупроводники: selective epitaxy

43) Сахалин Р: Sakhalin Energy

44) Океанография: Surface Effect

45) Химическое оружие: systems engineering

46) Макаров: slurry explosive, вторичные электроны

47) Безопасность: Security Enhanced

48) Нефть и газ: state enterprise

49) Электротехника: secondary electrons

50) Имена и фамилии: Shane Endicott

51) Должность: Sales Engineer, Sales Expert, Self Employment, Sports Entertainer, Supervisory Edition

52) Чат: Simple And Easy, Sorry Excuse, Super Expensive

53) NYSE. Sterling Communications, Inc.

54) Программное обеспечение: Slower Edition, Stat Editor, Studio Edition

55) СМС: Something Else

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > se
16 set

1) набор; комплект

- domino set

- optimum set of conditions
- semiconductor assembly set - set of Belleville springs - set of conventional set - set of drawing instruments - set of gate patterns - set of gauge blocks - set of logical elements - set of statistical data - set of technical aids
- snap set

- socket-powered set

- spring set

2) партия

3) совокупность; множество

- set of variate values

- specification set

4) установка; агрегат

- carrier set

- cross-task measuring set
- desk telephone set - dial telephone set
- Diesel-electric set

- flywheel set

- gear set

- hand telephone set

- house set

- key pulsing telephone set
- local-battery telephone set - man-pack radio set - multi-operator welding set
- radio set

- reflection measuring set

- shaft-sinking set

- short-wave set

- side-tone telephone set

- Sierpinski set

- single-operator welding set
- sound-powered telephone set
- station set

- subscriber set

- table-top set

- telephone set

- transmission measuring set

- turbine-driven set

- turbine-generator set

- twin-arc welding set
- wall telephone set
5) регулировка; настройка || регулировать; настраивать

6) группа; ансамбль

7) класс; семейство

8) остаточная деформация

9) схватывание || схватываться

to retard set of concrete — замедлять схватывание бетона

10) затвердевание || затвердевать

11) крепление || закреплять

12) геол. свита пород

13) осадка (грунта) || оседать ( о грунте)

14) радиоточка

15) спорт сет

16) включать, приводить в действие

17) мат. множество

relation over a set — отношение на множестве

set closed under operation — множество, замкнутое относительно операции

compact set with a boundary — компакт с краем

set is closed — множество является замкнутым

set forth above — вышеизложенный

to accomplish operations on a set — производить операции над множеством

to set aside — не учитывать, не принимать во внимание; откладывать

- absolute set

- absolutely closed set
- absolutely compact set - absolutely continuous set - absolutely convex set - absolutely irreducible set - absolutely measurable set
- absorbing set

- abstract set

- acceptable solutions set

- accessible set

- acyclic set

- additive set

- adjacency set

- adjacent set

- admissible set

- adsolutely summable set

- affine set

- affinely dependent set
- affinely independent set - affinely invariant set
- algebraic set

- algebraically dependent set
- algebraically independent set
- allowable set

- almost closed set
- almost finite set - almost full set
- ambiguous set

- ample set

- analytic set

- analytically negligible set
- angular cluster set
- antidiagonal set

- antinomous set

- antipodal set

- antisymmetric set

- aposyndetic point set

- applicative set

- approximately compact set

- approximation set

- arcwise connected set

- arithmetical set

- arithmetically definable set

- articulation set

- asymptotic set

- asymptotically decomposable set
- asymptotically indecomposable set - at most denumerable set
- atomic set

- attainable set

- automorphic set

- auxiliary base set

- axiom set

- balanced set

- basic set

- benign set

- bicompact set

- biconnected set

- bifurcation set

- biordered set

- bisimplicial set

- bodily set

- border set

- boundary cluster set

- boundary cluster set

- boundary set

- boundaryless set

- bounded set

- boundedly compact set

- buffer set

- calculable set

- canonical set

- canonically closed set

- capacious set

- capacitable set

- catastrophe set

- categorical set

- centrally-symmetric set
- centro-symmetric set
- chained set

- characteristic set

- choice set

- chordal cluster set

- circled set

- classical set

- clear set

- closed set

- closed-in-rays set

- closed-open set

- cluster set

- cofinal set

- cofinite set

- cogenerating set

- cohesive set

- cohomology set

- coimmune set

- coinfinite set

- coinitial set

- coisolated set

- collectively bounded set

- collinear set

- colorable set

- comaximal set

- combination set

- commutative set

- compact-in-itself set

- compactly connected set

- compensation set

- complementary set

- complete set

- completed set

- completely arithmetically productive set
- completely bounded set - completely continuous set - completely generating set - completely improper set - completely irreducible set - completely nonatomic set - completely normal set - completely ordered set - completely productive set - completely reducible set - completely separable set
- compound set

- conditionally compact set

- confidence set

- confinal set

- conformal set

- conjugate set

- conjunction set

- consistent set

- constant set

- constraint set

- constructible set

- constructive set

- constructively infinite set
- constructively nonrecursive set
- context-free set

- continuity set

- continuous set

- continuously ordered set

- continuum set

- contractible set

- contrafundamental set

- contrastandard set

- control set

- convergence set

- convergent set

- converse set

- convex set

- convexly connected set
- convexly independent set
- correctness set

- countable set

- countably compact set
- countably infinite set
- course set

- coverable set

- covered set

- covering set

- creative set

- critical set

- cubic set

- curvilinear cluster set

- cut set

- cyclic factor set
- cyclically ordered set
- cylinder set

- decidable set

- decision set

- decisive set

- decreasing set

- deductively consistent set
- deductively inconsistent set
- defect set

- deficient set

- definable set

- deformable set

- degeneracy set

- degenerate set

- dendrit set

- dendritic set

- dense set

- dense-in-itself set

- densely ordered set

- dentable set

- denumerable set

- derivative set
- derived set
- derived set

- determined set

- determining set

- diagonalizable set

- difference set

- diffuse set

- directed set

- disagreement set

- disconnected set

- disconnecting set

- discontinuing set

- discontinuous set

- discrete set

- discriminant set

- discriminating set

- disjointed set

- disjunct set

- dispersed set

- divergent set

- dividing set

- dominated set

- dominating set

- doubly indexed set
- doubly well-ordered set - dual set of equations
- dyadic set

- dynamically decomposable set
- dynamically disconnected set - effectively enumerable set - effectively generating set - effectively nonrecursive set - effectively simple set
- effector set

- eigenfuzzy set

- elementarily definable set

- elementary set

- elliptic set

- embedded set

- empty set

- enchained set

- enlarged set

- enlarging set

- enumerably infinite set
- enumeration reducible set
- equicontinuous set

- equivariantly contractible set

- ergodic set

- evanescent set

- event set

- everywhere dense set

- exceptional set

- exhaustive set

- existence set

- existential set

- explicable set

- explicitly definable set

- extendable set

- extended set

- extensive set

- externally stable set

- extraordinary set

- extremally disconnected set

- extreme set

- factor set

- faithful set

- fanlike set

- feasible set

- filter over set

- filtering set

- finely open set
- finely perfect set
- finite-dimensional set

- finitely compact set
- finitely definite set - finitely measurable set
- flat set

- focal set

- frequency set

- frontier set

- full productive set

- full set

- fully ordered set
- fully reducible set - functionally closed set - functionally complete set - functionally open set - fundamental probability set
- generable set

- general recursive set
- generalized almost periodic set
- generated set

- generic set

- global set

- goal set

- ground set

- grounded set

- harmonic set

- hereditary set

- heretical set

- holomorphic set

- homogeneous set

- homothetic set

- hyperarithmetical set

- hyperarithmetically simple set

- hyperbolic set

- hyperhyperimmune set

- hyperhypersimple set

- image set

- implicitly definable set

- imprimitive set

- incompletable set

- inconsistent set

- increasing set

- indecomposable set

- independent set

- index set

- indexed set

- indexing set

- indiscernible set

- indivisible set

- inductive set

- inductively ordered set

- information set

- inseparable set

- integer set

- integrable set

- internally negligible set
- internally stable set
- interpolation set

- interpretable set

- invariant set

- inverse image set

- inverse set

- irrational set

- irreducible set

- irregular set

- isometric set

- joint maximal set

- knot set

- labeled set

- lacunary set

- lattice-ordered set

- learning set

- left admissible set
- left directed set - left normal set - left-hand cluster set
- level set

- lexicographically ordered set

- limit set

- limited set

- limiting set

- linearly bounded set
- linearly ordered set - local peak set - locally arcwise set - locally closed set - locally compact set - locally connected set - locally contractible set - locally convex set - locally finite set - locally invariant set - locally negligible set - locally null set - locally polar set - locally polyhedral set
- located set

- logarithmic set

- magic set

- majorized set

- massive set

- meager set

- measurable set

- mesoic set

- metarecursively enumerable set
- metrically bounded set - metrically dense set
- minimum set

- minorized set

- mobile set

- model set

- model-closed set

- model-complete set

- model-consistent set

- modular set

- monochromatic set

- monomorphic set

- monotonic set

- more-than-countable set

- motor-generator set

- multiperiodic set

- multiplicative set

- multiply connected set
- multiply ordered set
- multisimplicial set

- naturally associated set
- nearly analytic set - nearly closed set
- nebular set

- negligible set

- nested set

- nil weakly closed set

- nilpotent set

- nodal set

- no-more-than countable set

- nonadjacent set

- noncalculable set

- noncontractible set

- noncountable set

- noncountably infinite set

- nondecisive set

- nondegenerate set

- nondense set

- nondenumerable set

- nondenumerable set

- nonempty set

- nonenumerable set

- nonenumerable set

- nonmeager set

- nonmeasurable set

- nonpoint set

- nonrecursive set

- nonscattered set

- nonseparable set

- nonstandard set

- nonvacuous set
- nonvoid set
- nonwandering set

- norm compact set

- normal set

- normally convex set
- normally ordered set
- normed set

- nowhere dense set

- nowhere-dense set

- null set

- nullity set

- number set

- numeral set

- numerated set

- object set

- one-element set

- one-parameter set

- one-point set

- one-sided cluster set
- open in rays set
- open-closed set

- opening set

- operator's set

- opportunity set

- optimal strategy set

- orderable set

- ordering set

- ordinal-definable set

- ordinate set

- orienting defining set

- original set

- orthogonal set

- orthonormal set

- outcome set

- outer set

- paraconvex set

- parametric set

- partial set

- partially ordered set
- partitioned data set
- paved set

- peak set

- perfect set

- perfectly compact set

- permuting set

- piecewise recursive set

- planar set

- pointed set

- polar set

- pole set

- polyadic set

- polygonal set

- polygonally connected set

- polyhedral set

- polynomially convex set
- positively homothetic set
- power set

- power-generating set

- precompact set

- precomplete set

- preferred set

- preinductive set

- preinitial set

- prelocal set

- preordered set

- pretransitive set

- prevalent set

- principal set

- priority set

- proalgebraic set

- product set

- productive set

- projective set

- projective-bounded set

- proper set

- properly consistent set

- properly inconsistent set

- properly valid set

- properly valid set

- pseudocompact set

- pseudoconvex set

- pseudocreative set

- pseudometric set

- pseudometrizable set

- pseudorational set

- pseudosimple set

- pseudospherical set

- pseudosupporting set

- pure set

- quadrangular set

- quasibiorthonormal set

- quasiclosed set

- quasicohesive set

- quasicreative set

- quasidirected set

- quasiequicontinuous set

- quasiminimal set

- quasiopen set

- quasiordered set

- quasiorthonormal set

- quasiperiodic set

- quasipolyhedral set

- quasistrongly compact set

- quotient set

- radial cluster set

- radial set

- radially closed set
- radially open set
- radiated set

- random set

- range set

- ranked set

- rarefied set

- rationally convex set
- rationally independent set
- reachable set

- rectangular set

- rectifiable set

- rectifiably connected set

- recurrent set

- recursively approximable set
- recursively creative set - recursively indecomposable set - recursively isomorphic set - recursively productive set
- reduced set

- reduction set

- reference set

- reflexive set

- regressive set

- regularizing set

- regularly closed set
- regularly convex set - regularly situated sets
- relational set

- relatively bicompact set
- relatively closed set - relatively compact set - relatively dense set - relatively interpretable set - relatively open set
- residual set

- resolutive set

- resolvable set

- resolvent set

- retraceable set

- right admissible set
- right normal set - right-hand cluster set
- ringing set

- rotund set

- rudimentary set

- saturated set

- scar set

- segregate set

- selection set

- semialgebraic set

- semianalytic set

- semiclassical set

- semiclosed set

- semicreative set

- semiinvariant set

- semilinear set

- semilocally connected set

- semimetric set

- semiordered set

- semipolar set

- semiproductive set

- semiregular set

- semisimplicial set

- separability set

- separating set

- sequentially compact set
- sequentially complete set - serially ordered set
- set of adjunction

- set of all set

- set of antisymmetry

- set of assumptions

- set of attainability

- set of automorphisms

- set of axioms

- set of capacity zero

- set of catastrophs

- set of characteristics

- set of choices

- set of coefficients

- set of condensation points

- set of connections

- set of constancy

- set of constraints

- set of content zero

- set of convergence

- set of criteria

- set of current

- set of curves

- set of data

- set of decisions

- set of defining relations

- set of degeneration

- set of descriptions

- set of dice

- set of distinguishable states
- set of elementary events
- set of endomorphisms

- set of equations

- set of finite outcomes
- set of first category - set of first kind - set of first species
- set of five

- set of formulas

- set of functions

- set of gears

- set of generators

- set of imprimitivity

- set of imputations

- set of increase

- set of integers

- set of intransitivity

- set of invariants

- set of mappings

- set of maximum indetermination

- set of measurements

- set of morphisms

- set of multiplicity

- set of numbers

- set of observations

- set of operations

- set of ordinal numbers

- set of outcomes

- set of parameters

- set of patterns

- set of planes

- set of points

- set of positions

- set of positive elements
- set of possible outcomes
- set of postulates

- set of power continuum
- set of probability null
- set of problems

- set of processes

- set of rational numbers

- set of representatives

- set of sampling plans
- set of second category - set of second species
- set of sentences

- set of separability

- set of sets

- set of shuffles

- set of states

- set of statistics

- set of strategies

- set of subalgebras

- set of symbols

- set of threads

- set of three

- set of transformations

- set of uniqueness

- set of unknowns

- set of variances

- set of variates

- set of vectors

- set of warp

- set of weft

- set of words

- sets of equal power

- shift compact set
- shift invariant set
- sifted set

- similarily invariant set
- simply connected set - simply ordered set - simply transitive set
- singleton set

- single-valued set

- singular set

- skew set

- solution set

- somewhere dense set

- spanning set

- sparse set

- special set

- spectral set

- splitting set

- stable set

- star set

- star-shaped set

- state set

- stationary set

- stopping set

- stratified set

- strictly bounded set
- strongly bounded set - strongly closed set - strongly compact set - strongly connected set - strongly convex set - strongly dependent set - strongly disjoint sets - strongly enumerable set - strongly independent set - strongly minimal set - strongly polar set - strongly reducible set - strongly separated set - strongly simple set - strongly stratified set
- structured set

- subgeneric set

- subinvariant set

- subjective set

- subtotal cluster set

- sufficient set

- summable set

- superarithmetical set

- superficial cluster set

- superposable set

- supersparse set

- symmetrical set

- taboo set

- tame set

- tangential cluster set
- tautologically complete set - tautologically consistent set - tautologically inconsistent set
- tensorial set

- terminal set

- ternary set

- test set

- thick set

- thin set

- tie set

- tight set

- time set

- topologically equivalent sets

- topologically free set

- topologized set

- total set

- totally bounded set
- totally disconnected set - totally imperfect set - totally ordered set - totally primitive set - totally unimodular set - totally unordered set
- transcendent set

- transfer set

- transformation set

- transitivity set

- transverse set

- trigonalizable set

- truncation set

- truth set

- truth-table complete set
- truth-table reducible set
- two-element set

- two-sided set

- ultimately periodic set

- ultrafiltered set

- unbounded set

- uncertainty set

- unconnected set

- uncountable set

- underlying set

- unglued set

- unicity set

- unidentifiable set

- unification set

- uniform set

- uniformly attracting set
- uniformly bounded set - uniformly continuous set - uniformly convergent set - uniformly integrable set - uniformly universal set - unilaterally connected set
- unit set

- unitary set

- unit-productive set

- universal set

- universally measurable set

- unlimited set

- unordered set

- unrecognizable set

- unsparse set

- unstable set

- unstructured set

- vacant set
- vacuous set
- vector set

- vertex set

- void set

- weakly bounded set
- weakly compact set - weakly convex set - weakly n-dimensional set - weakly stratified set - weakly wandering set - well chained set - well founded set - well measurable set - well ordering set - well quasiordered set
- well-ordered set

- zero-dimensional set

English-Russian scientific dictionary > set
17 filter

1) фильтр || фильтровать

2) светофильтр

•

to filter off, to filter out — отфильтровывать

-
absorbent-type filter
-
absorbent filter
-
absorbing filter
-
absorption filter
-
ac line filter
-
ac supply filter
-
acoustic filter
-
acousto-optical filter
-
activated carbon filter
-
active filter
-
active power filter
-
adaptive filter
-
adaptive notch filter
-
additive color filter
-
additive filter
-
adjustable density filter
-
aerolescer pneumatic filter
-
aerosol filter
-
agile filter
-
air filter
-
air-conditioning filter
-
air-intake filter
-
all-dielectric interference filter
-
all-pass filter
-
all-pole filter
-
all-zero filter
-
ambient-light filter
-
analog filter
-
analog postsampling filter
-
analog presampling filter
-
anion-exchange filter
-
antialiasing filter
-
antialias filter
-
aperture filter
-
ash-free filter
-
attenuator filter
-
audio band-pass filter
-
auto filter
-
automatic drain filter
-
bacterial filter
-
bacteriological filter
-
bag filter
-
balanced filter
-
band split filter
-
band vacuum filter
-
band-elimination filter
-
band-exclusion filter
-
band-limited filter
-
band-pass filter
-
band-rejection filter
-
band-selective filter
-
band-stop filter
-
bandwidth filter
-
bath filter
-
beacon filter
-
beat-interference filter
-
belt filter
-
bilithic filter
-
binary filter
-
biological filter
-
blanket filter
-
blue filter
-
branching filter
-
bridge filter
-
broadband filter
-
Butters filter
-
Butterworth filter
-
bypass filter
-
bypass hydraulic filter
-
candle filter
-
canonical recursive filter
-
capacitive filter
-
capacitor filter
-
cartridge filter
-
cation-exchange filter
-
Cauer filter
-
cavity band-pass filter
-
cavity filter
-
cavity-coupled filter
-
centrifugal air filter
-
centrifugal filter
-
centrifugal oil filter
-
ceramic filter
-
channel bank filter
-
channel filter
-
channel separating filter
-
channel television filter
-
Chebyshev filter
-
chirp filter
-
choke filter
-
chroma filter
-
chrominance notch filter
-
click filter
-
clogged filter
-
cloth filter
-
clutter suppression filter
-
clutter filter
-
C-message filter
-
coalescing filter
-
coarse filter
-
coarse fuel filter
-
coarse-grained filter
-
coarse-mesh filter
-
coaxial direct coupled resonator filter
-
coaxial filter
-
color filter
-
color-balancing filter
-
color-compensating filter
-
color-correcting filter
-
color-encoding filter
-
color-separation filter
-
color-stripe filter
-
color-subcarrier notch filter
-
color-trimming filter
-
comb filter
-
combined fuel filter
-
compensating filter
-
compensation filter
-
contact filter
-
continuously variable filter
-
convolution filter
-
correcting filter
-
correction filter
-
cross coupling filter
-
crystal filter
-
cyan filter
-
dark-room filter
-
dechirping filter
-
decimation filter
-
decision-feedback filter
-
decoupling filter
-
deemphasis filter
-
deer-skin filter
-
dehydrator filter
-
delay-line filter
-
depth filter
-
detarring filter
-
dewatering filter
-
dielectric filter
-
dielectric resonator filter
-
diesel and fuel-oil filter
-
digital elliptic filter
-
digital filter
-
digital matched filter
-
digitally controlled filter
-
discrete filter
-
discrete-time linear filter
-
discrimination filter
-
disk filter
-
disk vacuum filter
-
dispersion filter
-
dispersive filter
-
disposable element filter
-
disposable hydraulic filter
-
distributed-constant filter
-
distributed-element filter
-
Doppler filter
-
downward-flow filter
-
drainage filter
-
drum filter
-
drum vacuum filter
-
dry electrical filter
-
dry filter
-
drying filter
-
dual hydraulic filter
-
dual-split filter
-
duplex filter
-
dust filter
-
easy-off filter
-
edge-type disk filter
-
effects filter
-
electric filter
-
electromechanical filter
-
electronically tunable filter
-
elimination filter
-
elliptic filter
-
enhancement filter
-
enlarging filter
-
envelope filter
-
equalized filter
-
equiripple filter
-
externally mounted filter
-
extraripple filter
-
fabric filter
-
fan filter
-
feedback filter
-
feedthrough filter
-
ferrite-tunable filter
-
fiberglass filter
-
fibrous filter
-
film filter
-
final filter
-
fine fuel filter
-
finite-duration impulse-response filter
-
finite impulse-response filter
-
fixed target rejection filter
-
fixed-frequency filter
-
fixed filter
-
float drain filter
-
fog filter
-
frequency filter
-
frequency-selective filter
-
front-end filter
-
fuel filter
-
fuel primary filter
-
full-flow filter
-
full-flow powdered ion-exchange filter
-
Gaussian filter
-
gauze filter
-
gelatin filter
-
generating filter
-
glass filter
-
glovebox filter
-
graded filter
-
gravel filter
-
gravel packed filter
-
gravel-sand filter
-
gravitation filter
-
gravity filter
-
gray filter
-
grease filter
-
guard filter
-
gyrator filter
-
harmonic filter
-
H-cation filter
-
heat filter
-
heavy oil filter
-
HEPA filter
-
high-cut filter
-
high-frequency filter
-
high-pass filter
-
high-pressure filter
-
high-rate filter
-
high-temperature filter
-
holographic filter
-
hose air-jet filter
-
hose pressure filter
-
hose suction filter
-
hot filter
-
hum-eliminating filter
-
hum filter
-
hydraulic filter
-
I filter
-
IIR filter
-
image-deblurring filter
-
image-reflection filter
-
impingement filter
-
inductive filter
-
infinite-duration impulse-response filter
-
infinite impulse-response filter
-
infrared filter
-
in-line filter
-
input filter
-
insert filter
-
intake filter
-
in-tank filter
-
integral oil filter
-
integrate-and-dump filter
-
integrating filter
-
interdigital filter
-
interference filter
-
intermediate-frequency filter
-
interpolation filter
-
inverse filter
-
inverted filter
-
ion-exchange filter
-
isolation filter
-
jet filter
-
Kalman filter
-
keying filter
-
ladder-type filter
-
ladder filter
-
lag filter
-
lattice filter
-
leapfrog filter
-
light filter
-
line filter
-
linear filter
-
loop filter
-
low-cut filter
-
low-frequency filter
-
low-pass filter
-
low-pass sampling filter
-
low-pass zonal filter
-
low-pressure filter
-
low-rate filter
-
L-type hydraulic filter
-
lubrication filter
-
lumped-constant filter
-
lumped-element filter
-
magnetic filter
-
mandrel wrap filter
-
mantle filter
-
mash filter
-
mass filter
-
matched filter
-
matching filter
-
maximal ripple filter
-
maximally-flat filter
-
mechanical-wave filter
-
mechanical filter
-
membrane filter
-
meshwire filter
-
mesh filter
-
metal disk fuel filter
-
micronic filter
-
microstrip filter
-
microwave filter
-
millipore filter
-
mineral filter
-
minimum-delay filter
-
minimum-phase filter
-
mirror filter
-
mismatched filter
-
mist filter
-
mode filter
-
modular hydraulic filter
-
modulation filter
-
monopole mass filter
-
mosaic filter
-
multibag filter
-
multiband filter
-
multicavity microwave filter
-
multiple resonator filter
-
multisection filter
-
multistage filter
-
narrow-band filter
-
neutral-density filter
-
neutral filter
-
neutralizing filter
-
never stop filter
-
night filter
-
noise filter
-
nonclogging filter
-
nonlinear filter
-
nonminimum phase filter
-
nonrecursive filter
-
North matching filter
-
notch filter
-
nutsch filter
-
octave filter
-
oil bath filter
-
oil filter
-
oil-bath air filter
-
one-pole filter
-
on-line installable filter
-
optical filter
-
output filter
-
outside-in filter
-
pack filter
-
paper filter
-
partial flow filter
-
partial flow hydraulic filter
-
pass-band filter
-
passive filter
-
percolating filter
-
percolation filter
-
phase filter
-
pilot filter
-
pipeless filter
-
pi-section filter
-
plate-type filter
-
plate filter
-
plugged filter
-
polarization filter
-
polarizing filter
-
polaroid filter
-
pole-zero filter
-
porous metal filter
-
postdigitizing filter
-
postemphasis filter
-
postequalization filter
-
postsampling filter
-
powder filter
-
power-line filter
-
precoat filter
-
prediction filter
-
predictive-error filter
-
predigitizing filter
-
preliminary filter
-
presampling filter
-
pressure filter
-
pressure line filter
-
primary filter
-
prime filter
-
programmable filter
-
proportional filter
-
psophometric filter
-
pulse-compression filter
-
pulse-jet filter
-
purified-helium dust filter
-
Q filter
-
quad filter
-
quadrature mirror filter
-
quadrupole mass filter
-
quartz filter
-
quick removal filter
-
rapid filter
-
reconstruction filter
-
rectifier filter
-
recursive filter
-
rejection filter
-
repulp filter
-
resonant filter
-
return filter
-
return oil filter
-
reverse filter
-
RF filter
-
ripple filter
-
roll-off filter
-
rotary filter
-
safety filter
-
sampled-data filter
-
sand filter
-
SAW filter
-
scatter filter
-
screen filter
-
screw-in filter
-
scrubber filter
-
scrubbing filter
-
second order damped filter
-
secondary air filter
-
secondary filter
-
security filter
-
selective filter
-
self-aligning filter
-
self-blowing drum filter
-
self-cleaning filter
-
self-tuning filter
-
separation filter
-
sewage filter
-
shaping filter
-
sharp-cutoff filter
-
shunt filter
-
sideband filter
-
signal-separation filter
-
silica gel filter
-
sintered filter
-
sintered glass filter
-
sintered metal filter
-
smoke filter
-
smoothing filter
-
sniffing filter
-
softening filter
-
solid-state filter
-
spatial filter
-
spatiotemporal filter
-
sponge filter
-
standard-rate filter
-
star filter
-
state-variable filter
-
stop-band
-
streamline filter
-
striped-color filter
-
striped filter
-
strip-line filter
-
submersible filter
-
subtractive color filter
-
subtractive filter
-
suction filter
-
suppression filter
-
surface-acoustic-wave filter
-
swept filter
-
switched-capacitor filter
-
synchronous filter
-
synthetic fiber dust filter
-
tapped-delay line filter
-
telltale filter
-
textile filter
-
Thomson filter
-
through filter
-
throw-away filter
-
time-varying filter
-
toe filter
-
total filter
-
tracking filter
-
transmission filter
-
transparency filter
-
transversal filter
-
trickling filter
-
tricolor filters
-
trimming filter
-
T-type hydraulic filter
-
tubular cloth filter
-
tunable filter
-
tuned filter
-
two-stage hydraulic filter
-
ultraviolet filter
-
unmatched filter
-
vacuum filter
-
variable band-pass filter
-
variable density filter
-
variable filter
-
velocity filter
-
ventilation filter
-
vestigial sideband filter
-
video filter
-
viscous filter
-
voice filter
-
wadding filter
-
wash hydraulic filter
-
water filter
-
wave filter
-
waveguide direct coupled resonator filter
-
waveguide filter
-
wedge interference filter
-
weighting filter
-
weight filter
-
wet electrical filter
-
wet filter
-
whitening filter
-
wide-band filter
-
Wiener filter
-
wire mesh filter
-
wire screen filter
-
YIG filter
-
zero-memory filter
-
zonal filter

Англо-русский словарь технических терминов > filter
18 near cash

!

гос. фин. The resource budget contains a separate control total for “near cash” expenditure, that is expenditure such as pay and current grants which impacts directly on the measure of the golden rule.

Introduction

This paper provides background information on the framework for the planning and control of public expenditure in the UK which has been operated since the 1998 Comprehensive Spending Review (CSR). It sets out the different classifications of spending for budgeting purposes and why these distinctions have been adopted. It discusses how the public expenditure framework is designed to ensure both sound public finances and an outcome-focused approach to public expenditure.

Principles of the framework

The UK's public spending framework is based on several key principles:
"
consistency with a long-term, prudent and transparent regime for managing the public finances as a whole;
" "
the judgement of success by policy outcomes rather than resource inputs;
" "
strong incentives for departments and their partners in service delivery to plan over several years and plan together where appropriate so as to deliver better public services with greater cost effectiveness; and
"
the proper costing and management of capital assets to provide the right incentives for public investment.

The Government sets policy to meet two firm fiscal rules:
"
the Golden Rule states that over the economic cycle, the Government will borrow only to invest and not to fund current spending; and
"
the Sustainable Investment Rule states that net public debt as a proportion of GDP will be held over the economic cycle at a stable and prudent level. Other things being equal, net debt will be maintained below 40 per cent of GDP over the economic cycle.

Achievement of the fiscal rules is assessed by reference to the national accounts, which are produced by the Office for National Statistics, acting as an independent agency. The Government sets its spending envelope to comply with these fiscal rules.

Departmental Expenditure Limits ( DEL) and Annually Managed Expenditure (AME)

The framework for public expenditure is divided between
"
Departmental Expenditure Limit ( DEL) spending, which is planned and controlled on a three year basis in Spending Reviews; and
"
Annually Managed Expenditure ( AME), which is expenditure which cannot reasonably be subject to firm, multi-year limits in the same way as DEL. AME includes social security benefits, local authority self-financed expenditure, debt interest, and payments to EU institutions.

More information about DEL and AME is set out below.

back to top

Departmental Expenditure Limits ( DEL)

In Spending Reviews, firm DEL plans are set for departments for three years. To ensure consistency with the Government's fiscal rules departments are set separate resource (current) and capital budgets. The resource budget contains a separate control total for “near cash” expenditure, that is expenditure such as pay and current grants which impacts directly on the measure of the golden rule.

To encourage departments to plan over the medium term departments may carry forward unspent DEL provision from one year into the next and, subject to the normal tests for tautness and realism of plans, may be drawn down in future years. This end-year flexibility also removes any incentive for departments to use up their provision as the year end approaches with less regard to value for money. For the full benefits of this flexibility and of three year plans to feed through into improved public service delivery, end-year flexibility and three year budgets should be cascaded from departments to executive agencies and other budget holders.

Three year budgets and end-year flexibility give those managing public services the stability to plan their operations on a sensible time scale. Further, the system means that departments cannot seek to bid up funds each year (before 1997, three year plans were set and reviewed in annual Public Expenditure Surveys). So the credibility of medium-term plans has been enhanced at both central and departmental level.

Departments have certainty over the budgetary allocation over the medium term and these multi-year DEL plans are strictly enforced. Departments are expected to prioritise competing pressures and fund these within their overall annual limits, as set in Spending Reviews. So the DEL system provides a strong incentive to control costs and maximise value for money.

There is a small centrally held DEL Reserve. Support from the Reserve is available only for genuinely unforeseeable contingencies which departments cannot be expected to manage within their DEL.

Annually Managed Expenditure ( AME)

AME typically consists of programmes which are large, volatile and demand-led, and which therefore cannot reasonably be subject to firm multi-year limits. The biggest single element is social security spending. Other items include tax credits, Local Authority Self Financed Expenditure, Scottish Executive spending financed by non-domestic rates, and spending financed from the proceeds of the National Lottery.

AME is reviewed twice a year as part of the Budget and Pre-Budget Report process reflecting the close integration of the tax and benefit system, which was enhanced by the introduction of tax credits.

AME is not subject to the same three year expenditure limits as DEL, but is still part of the overall envelope for public expenditure. Affordability is taken into account when policy decisions affecting AME are made. The Government has committed itself not to take policy measures which are likely to have the effect of increasing social security or other elements of AME without taking steps to ensure that the effects of those decisions can be accommodated prudently within the Government's fiscal rules.

Given an overall envelope for public spending, forecasts of AME affect the level of resources available for DEL spending. Cautious estimates and the AME margin are built in to these AME forecasts and reduce the risk of overspending on AME.

Total Managed Expenditure

Together, DEL plus AME sum to Total Managed Expenditure (TME). TME is a measure drawn from national accounts. It represents the current and capital spending of the public sector. The public sector is made up of central government, local government and public corporations.

back to top

Resource Accounting and Budgeting ( RAB)

Resource and Capital Budgets are set in terms of accruals information. Accruals information measures resources as they are consumed rather than when the cash is paid. So for example the Resource Budget includes a charge for depreciation, a measure of the consumption or wearing out of capital assets.
"
Non cash charges in budgets do not impact directly on the fiscal framework. That may be because the national accounts use a different way of measuring the same thing, for example in the case of the depreciation of departmental assets. Or it may be that the national accounts measure something different: for example, resource budgets include a cost of capital charge reflecting the opportunity cost of holding capital; the national accounts include debt interest.
"
Within the Resource Budget DEL, departments have separate controls on:
"
Near cash spending, the sub set of Resource Budgets which impacts directly on the Golden Rule; and
"
Administration Budgets (see below)

Administration Budgets

The amount of their Resource Budget DEL that departments may spend on running themselves (e.g. paying most civil servants’ salaries) is limited by Administration Budgets, which are set in Spending Reviews. Administration Budgets are used to ensure that as much money as practicable is available for front line services and programmes. These budgets also help to drive efficiency improvements in departments’ own activities. Administration Budgets exclude the costs of frontline services delivered directly by departments.

Spending Reviews

The Budget preceding a Spending Review sets an overall envelope for public spending that is consistent with the fiscal rules for the period covered by the Spending Review. In the Spending Review, the Budget AME forecast for year one of the Spending Review period is updated, and AME forecasts are made for the later years of the Spending Review period.

The 1998 Comprehensive Spending Review ( CSR), which was published in July 1998, was a comprehensive review of departmental aims and objectives alongside a zero-based analysis of each spending programme to determine the best way of delivering the Government's objectives. The 1998 CSR allocated substantial additional resources to the Government's key priorities, particularly education and health, for the three year period from 1999-2000 to 2001-02.

Delivering better public services does not just depend on how much money the Government spends, but also on how well it spends it. Therefore the 1998 CSR introduced Public Service Agreements (PSAs). Each major government department was given its own PSA setting out clear targets for achievements in terms of public service improvements.

The 1998 CSR also introduced the DEL/ AME framework for the control of public spending, and made other framework changes. Building on the investment and reforms delivered by the 1998 CSR, successive spending reviews in 2000, 2002 and 2004 have:
"
provided significant increase in resources for the Government’s priorities, in particular health and education, and cross-cutting themes such as raising productivity; extending opportunity; and building strong and secure communities;
" "
enabled the Government significantly to increase investment in public assets and address the legacy of under investment from past decades. Departmental Investment Strategies were introduced in SR2000. As a result there has been a steady increase in public sector net investment from less than ¾ of a per cent of GDP in 1997-98 to 2¼ per cent of GDP in 2005-06, providing better infrastructure across public services;
" "
introduced further refinements to the performance management framework. PSA targets have been reduced in number over successive spending reviews from around 300 to 110 to give greater focus to the Government’s highest priorities. The targets have become increasingly outcome-focused to deliver further improvements in key areas of public service delivery across Government. They have also been refined in line with the conclusions of the Devolving Decision Making Review to provide a framework which encourages greater devolution and local flexibility. Technical Notes were introduced in SR2000 explaining how performance against each PSA target will be measured; and
"
not only allocated near cash spending to departments, but also – since SR2002 - set Resource DEL plans for non cash spending.

back to top

Comprehensive Spending Review 2007

To identify what further investments and reforms are needed to equip the UK for the global challenges of the decade ahead, on 19 July 2005 the Chief Secretary to the Treasury announced that the Government intends to launch a second Comprehensive Spending Review (CSR) reporting in 2007.

A decade on from the first CSR, the 2007 CSR will represent a long-term and fundamental review of government expenditure. It will cover departmental allocations for 2008-09, 2009-10 and 2010 11. Allocations for 2007-08 will be held to the agreed figures already announced by the 2004 Spending Review. To provide a rigorous analytical framework for these departmental allocations, the Government will be taking forward a programme of preparatory work over 2006 involving:
"
an assessment of what the sustained increases in spending and reforms to public service delivery have achieved since the first CSR. The assessment will inform the setting of new objectives for the decade ahead;
" "
an examination of the key long-term trends and challenges that will shape the next decade – including demographic and socio-economic change, globalisation, climate and environmental change, global insecurity and technological change – together with an assessment of how public services will need to respond;
" "
to release the resources needed to address these challenges, and to continue to secure maximum value for money from public spending over the CSR period, a set of zero-based reviews of departments’ baseline expenditure to assess its effectiveness in delivering the Government’s long-term objectives; together with
"
further development of the efficiency programme, building on the cross cutting areas identified in the Gershon Review, to embed and extend ongoing efficiency savings into departmental expenditure planning.

The 2007 CSR also offers the opportunity to continue to refine the PSA framework so that it drives effective delivery and the attainment of ambitious national standards.

Obtaining good performance

Public Service Agreements (PSAs) were introduced in the 1998 CSR. They set out agreed targets detailing the outputs and outcomes departments are expected to deliver with the resources allocated to them. The new spending regime places a strong emphasis on outcome targets, for example in providing for better health and higher educational standards or service standards. The introduction in SR2004 of PSA ‘standards’ will ensure that high standards in priority areas are maintained.

The Government monitors progress against PSA targets, and departments report in detail twice a year in their annual Departmental Reports (published in spring) and in their autumn performance reports. These reports provide Parliament and the public with regular updates on departments’ performance against their targets.

Technical Notes explain how performance against each PSA target will be measured.

Departmental Investment Strategies (DISs)

To make the most of both new investment and existing assets, there needs to be a coherent long term strategy against which investment decisions are taken. Departmental Investment Strategies (DIS) set out each department's plans to deliver the scale and quality of capital stock needed to underpin its objectives. The DIS includes information about the department's existing capital stock and future plans for that stock, as well as plans for new investment. It also sets out the systems that the department has in place to ensure that it delivers its capital programmes effectively.

This document was updated on 19 December 2005.

Near-cash resource expenditure that has a related cash implication, even though the timing of the cash payment may be slightly different. For example, expenditure on gas or electricity supply is incurred as the fuel is used, though the cash payment might be made in arrears on aquarterly basis. Other examples of near-cash expenditure are: pay, rental.Net cash requirement the upper limit agreed by Parliament on the cash which a department may draw from theConsolidated Fund to finance the expenditure within the ambit of its Request forResources. It is equal to the agreed amount of net resources and net capital less non-cashitems and working capital.Non-cash cost costs where there is no cash transaction but which are included in a body’s accounts (or taken into account in charging for a service) to establish the true cost of all the resourcesused.Non-departmental a body which has a role in the processes of government, but is not a government public body, NDPBdepartment or part of one. NDPBs accordingly operate at arm’s length from governmentMinisters.Notional cost of a cost which is taken into account in setting fees and charges to improve comparability with insuranceprivate sector service providers.The charge takes account of the fact that public bodies donot generally pay an insurance premium to a commercial insurer.the independent body responsible for collecting and publishing official statistics about theUK’s society and economy. (At the time of going to print legislation was progressing tochange this body to the Statistics Board).Office of Government an office of the Treasury, with a status similar to that of an agency, which aims to maximise Commerce, OGCthe government’s purchasing power for routine items and combine professional expertiseto bear on capital projects.Office of the the government department responsible for discharging the Paymaster General’s statutoryPaymaster General,responsibilities to hold accounts and make payments for government departments and OPGother public bodies.Orange bookthe informal title for Management of Risks: Principles and Concepts, which is published by theTreasury for the guidance of public sector bodies.Office for NationalStatistics, ONS60Managing Public Money

————————————————————————————————————————

Page 5
"
GLOSSARYOverdraftan account with a negative balance.Parliament’s formal agreement to authorise an activity or expenditure.Prerogative powerspowers exercisable under the Royal Prerogative, ie powers which are unique to the Crown,as contrasted with common-law powers which may be available to the Crown on the samebasis as to natural persons.Primary legislationActs which have been passed by the Westminster Parliament and, where they haveappropriate powers, the Scottish Parliament and the Northern Ireland Assembly. Begin asBills until they have received Royal Assent.arrangements under which a public sector organisation contracts with a private sectorentity to construct a facility and provide associated services of a specified quality over asustained period. See annex 7.5.Proprietythe principle that patterns of resource consumption should respect Parliament’s intentions,conventions and control procedures, including any laid down by the PAC. See box 2.4.Public Accountssee Committee of Public Accounts.CommitteePublic corporationa trading body controlled by central government, local authority or other publiccorporation that has substantial day to day operating independence. See section 7.8.Public Dividend finance provided by government to public sector bodies as an equity stake; an alternative to Capital, PDCloan finance.Public Service sets out what the public can expect the government to deliver with its resources. EveryAgreement, PSAlarge government department has PSA(s) which specify deliverables as targets or aimsrelated to objectives.a structured arrangement between a public sector and a private sector organisation tosecure an outcome delivering good value for money for the public sector. It is classified tothe public or private sector according to which has more control.Rate of returnthe financial remuneration delivered by a particular project or enterprise, expressed as apercentage of the net assets employed.Regularitythe principle that resource consumption should accord with the relevant legislation, therelevant delegated authority and this document. See box 2.4.Request for the functional level into which departmental Estimates may be split. RfRs contain a number Resources, RfRof functions being carried out by the department in pursuit of one or more of thatdepartment’s objectives.Resource accountan accruals account produced in line with the Financial Reporting Manual (FReM).Resource accountingthe system under which budgets, Estimates and accounts are constructed in a similar wayto commercial audited accounts, so that both plans and records of expenditure allow in fullfor the goods and services which are to be, or have been, consumed – ie not just the cashexpended.Resource budgetthe means by which the government plans and controls the expenditure of resources tomeet its objectives.Restitutiona legal concept which allows money and property to be returned to its rightful owner. Ittypically operates where another person can be said to have been unjustly enriched byreceiving such monies.Return on capital the ratio of profit to capital employed of an accounting entity during an identified period.employed, ROCEVarious measures of profit and of capital employed may be used in calculating the ratio.Public Privatepartnership, PPPPrivate Finance Initiative, PFIParliamentaryauthority61Managing Public Money
"
————————————————————————————————————————

Page 6

GLOSSARYRoyal charterthe document setting out the powers and constitution of a corporation established underprerogative power of the monarch acting on Privy Council advice.Second readingthe second formal time that a House of Parliament may debate a bill, although in practicethe first substantive debate on its content. If successful, it is deemed to denoteParliamentary approval of the principle of the proposed legislation.Secondary legislationlaws, including orders and regulations, which are made using powers in primary legislation.Normally used to set out technical and administrative provision in greater detail thanprimary legislation, they are subject to a less intense level of scrutiny in Parliament.European legislation is,however,often implemented in secondary legislation using powers inthe European Communities Act 1972.Service-level agreement between parties, setting out in detail the level of service to be performed.agreementWhere agreements are between central government bodies, they are not legally a contractbut have a similar function.Shareholder Executive a body created to improve the government’s performance as a shareholder in businesses.Spending reviewsets out the key improvements in public services that the public can expect over a givenperiod. It includes a thorough review of departmental aims and objectives to find the bestway of delivering the government’s objectives, and sets out the spending plans for the givenperiod.State aidstate support for a domestic body or company which could distort EU competition and sois not usually allowed. See annex 4.9.Statement of Excessa formal statement detailing departments’ overspends prepared by the Comptroller andAuditor General as a result of undertaking annual audits.Statement on Internal an annual statement that Accounting Officers are required to make as part of the accounts Control, SICon a range of risk and control issues.Subheadindividual elements of departmental expenditure identifiable in Estimates as single cells, forexample cell A1 being administration costs within a particular line of departmental spending.Supplyresources voted by Parliament in response to Estimates, for expenditure by governmentdepartments.Supply Estimatesa statement of the resources the government needs in the coming financial year, and forwhat purpose(s), by which Parliamentary authority is sought for the planned level ofexpenditure and income.Target rate of returnthe rate of return required of a project or enterprise over a given period, usually at least a year.Third sectorprivate sector bodies which do not act commercially,including charities,social and voluntaryorganisations and other not-for-profit collectives. See annex 7.7.Total Managed a Treasury budgeting term which covers all current and capital spending carried out by the Expenditure,TMEpublic sector (ie not just by central departments).Trading fundan organisation (either within a government department or forming one) which is largely orwholly financed from commercial revenue generated by its activities. Its Estimate shows itsnet impact, allowing its income from receipts to be devoted entirely to its business.Treasury Minutea formal administrative document drawn up by the Treasury, which may serve a wide varietyof purposes including seeking Parliamentary approval for the use of receipts asappropriations in aid, a remission of some or all of the principal of voted loans, andresponding on behalf of the government to reports by the Public Accounts Committee(PAC).62Managing Public Money

————————————————————————————————————————

Page 7

GLOSSARY63Managing Public MoneyValue for moneythe process under which organisation’s procurement, projects and processes aresystematically evaluated and assessed to provide confidence about suitability, effectiveness,prudence,quality,value and avoidance of error and other waste,judged for the public sectoras a whole.Virementthe process through which funds are moved between subheads such that additionalexpenditure on one is met by savings on one or more others.Votethe process by which Parliament approves funds in response to supply Estimates.Voted expenditureprovision for expenditure that has been authorised by Parliament. Parliament ‘votes’authority for public expenditure through the Supply Estimates process. Most expenditureby central government departments is authorised in this way.Wider market activity activities undertaken by central government organisations outside their statutory duties,using spare capacity and aimed at generating a commercial profit. See annex 7.6.Windfallmonies received by a department which were not anticipated in the spending review.

————————————————————————————————————————

Page 8

64Managing Public Money

Англо-русский экономический словарь > near cash
19 difference

1) разница, различие

2) матем. разность

3) перепад, разность (давлений, температур)

4) приращение

•

-
angular difference
-
angular phase difference
-
backward difference
-
central difference
-
chromatic difference
-
color difference
-
common difference
-
contact potential difference
-
dielectric loss difference
-
electric potential difference
-
element-to-element difference
-
elevation difference of pipeline ends
-
enthalpy difference
-
envelope-cycle difference
-
finite difference
-
focusing difference
-
forward difference
-
frame-to-frame difference
-
frequency difference of arrival
-
humidity difference
-
just noticeable difference
-
line difference
-
luminance difference
-
mean difference
-
mean temperature difference
-
minimum perceptible difference
-
normalized difference
-
optical distance difference
-
optical length difference
-
optical path difference
-
overall temperature difference
-
path difference
-
phase difference
-
phase-error difference
-
picture-to-picture difference
-
potential difference
-
pressure difference
-
propagation difference
-
sample difference
-
second difference
-
structural differences
-
tabular difference
-
temperature difference
-
terminal temperature difference
-
threshold luminance difference
-
trim difference
-
true mean temperature difference
-
voltage difference

Англо-русский словарь технических терминов > difference
20 voltage

1) напряжение

2) потенциал

3) электродвижущая сила, ЭДС

•

- ac voltage
- accessible voltage
- active voltage
- actuating voltage
- allowable voltage
- alternating voltage
- antenna-induced voltage
- asymmetrical voltage
- balanced voltages
- baseband voltage
- bias voltage
- blocking voltage
- booster voltage
- breakover voltage
- calibration voltage
- cathode-storage-element equilibrium voltage
- collector storage-element equilibrium voltage
- color voltage
- convergence voltage
- cutoff voltage
- dc control voltage
- dc voltage
- direct voltage
- discharge voltage
- discharger breakdown voltage
- drop-away voltage
- drop-out voltage
- extra-low voltage
- fault voltage
- first crossover voltage
- flyback voltage
- free voltage
- glow voltage
- ground voltage
- half-wave voltage
- idling voltage
- impulse voltage
- independent source voltage
- induced voltage
- inverse-peak voltage
- line battery voltage
- line sweep voltage
- line voltage
- linear voltage
- locking voltage
- low voltage
- magnetic voltage
- mains voltage
- modulating voltage
- noise voltage
- operating voltage
- oscillating voltage
- out-off voltage
- output voltage
- peak voltage
- peak-up voltage
- phase voltage
- photoelectromotive source voltage
- primary voltage
- psophometric voltage
- pulsation voltage
- pulse voltage
- quasi-sinusoidal voltage
- quick voltage
- rated voltage
- rectangular voltage
- reduced voltage
- reference voltage
- residual voltage
- reverse recurrent voltage
- reverse voltage
- ripple voltage
- root-mean-square signal voltage
- second crossover equilibrium voltage
- signal voltage
- sinusoidal voltage
- slow sawtooth voltage
- stabilized voltage
- standard voltage
- step voltage
- stray voltage
- supply voltage
- surge voltage
- switching voltage
- system voltage
- target voltage
- terminal interference voltage
- testing voltage
- threshold voltage
- unbalanced voltage
- unstable voltage
- warning signal voltage
- working supply voltage
- zero voltage

English-Russian dictionary of telecommunications and their abbreviations > voltage

Страницы

См. также в других словарях:

The Second Element — Infobox single | Name = The Second Element Type = Single Artist = Sarah Brightman Album = Dive A side = The Second Element II B side = Island Released = 1993 | Recorded = 1993 Format = 7 , CD Genre = Pop Length = 15 46 Label = A M Records… … Wikipedia
second — second, onde [ s(ə)gɔ̃, ɔ̃d ] adj. et n. • XIIe; secunt 1119; lat. secundus « suivant », de sequi « suivre » I ♦ Adj. (généralt avant le nom) et n. 1 ♦ Qui vient après une chose de même nature; qui suit le premier. ⇒ deuxième(on emploie … Encyclopédie Universelle
Second life — Pour les articles homonymes, voir SL. Second Life … Wikipédia en Français
Second Battle of Bull Run — (Second Manassas) Part of the American Civil War … Wikipedia
Second Lieutenant — is the lowest commissioned officer military rank in many armed forces. In British English the rank is pronounced second /lɛf tɛnənt/ (lef tenent), while in American English it is pronounced second /lu tɛnənt/ (loo tenent).United Kingdom and… … Wikipedia
Second-oeuvre — Second œuvre seconde pipe au football et en construction, le ricardo quaresma ou domenech est ce qui n est pas du gros œuvre fournissant la structure de l ouvrage. C est à dire tout ce qui ne concourt pas à la reprise des efforts subis permanents … Wikipédia en Français
Second-œuvre — seconde pipe au football et en construction, le ricardo quaresma ou domenech est ce qui n est pas du gros œuvre fournissant la structure de l ouvrage. C est à dire tout ce qui ne concourt pas à la reprise des efforts subis permanents (les charges … Wikipédia en Français
Second oeuvre — Second œuvre seconde pipe au football et en construction, le ricardo quaresma ou domenech est ce qui n est pas du gros œuvre fournissant la structure de l ouvrage. C est à dire tout ce qui ne concourt pas à la reprise des efforts subis permanents … Wikipédia en Français
Second-order logic — In logic and mathematics second order logic is an extension of first order logic, which itself is an extension of propositional logic.[1] Second order logic is in turn extended by higher order logic and type theory. First order logic uses only… … Wikipedia
Element XML — Extensible Markup Language Extensible Markup Language Extension de fichier .xml Type MIME application/xml, text/xml Développé par World Wide Web Consortium Type de format … Wikipédia en Français
Élément XML — Extensible Markup Language Extensible Markup Language Extension de fichier .xml Type MIME application/xml, text/xml Développé par World Wide Web Consortium Type de format … Wikipédia en Français

Словари и энциклопедии на Академике

Перевод: со всех языков на русский

second element

Тематики

EN

Тематики

EN

Тематики

EN

Тематики

EN

См. также в других словарях:

Поделиться ссылкой на выделенное

Словари и энциклопедии на Академике

Перевод: со всех языков на русский

second element

Тематики

EN

Тематики

EN

Тематики

EN

Тематики

EN

См. также в других словарях:

Поделиться ссылкой на выделенное

Прямая ссылка: